Izikena

Ufumene ileta echaza ukuba ufuna iskena. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeskeni zonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukujonga izinto ezahlukeneyo. Apha sicacisa iskeni eziqhelekileyo onokuba nazo ngexesha lohambo lwakho lomhlaza.

Bhrawuza lonke iphepha lewebhu okanye ucofe kwimifanekiso engezantsi ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga nokuskena okuthile. 

X-Ray 

Ezi scan zikhawuleza kwaye azibuhlungu kwaye zisebenzisa i-radiation ukujonga izakhiwo ngaphakathi komzimba. Imitha yemitha idlula kwizakhiwo ezithambileyo ize ifunxwe zizinto eziqinileyo (umz. amathambo). Imitha yemitha edlula emzimbeni ilinganiswa ngesixhobo kwaye yenza umfanekiso wokugqibela. Kuhle kakhulu ekuboniseni izakhiwo ezinzima kodwa imifanekiso ayinazo iinkcukacha kakhulu.

Ii-X-reyi zibandakanya iidosi ezincinci zemitha yemitha elingana naphi na phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa kunye neminyaka embalwa yemitha yemvelaphi eqhelekileyo. Ngexesha lenkqubo, ilungu lomzimba eliskenwayo liya kubekwa ngokuchasene nesixhobo sokujonga ukusasazeka kwemitha kunye nomatshini weX-reyi ochaseneyo. Ukuskena kuya kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ukuba kwenziwa njengesigulana esingaphandle ungagoduka kwangoko.  

CT Scan  

CT Izikena (izikena zeCAT) zibandakanya ii-x-reyi ezininzi ezivela kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo ezidala imifanekiso eneenkcukacha kakhulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Azinantlungu kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga, ukubeka iliso, kunye nokukhokela unyango kwinani leemeko ezahlukeneyo.

Ubungakanani bemitha yemitha esetyenziswa kwi-CT scans bulingana naphi na phakathi kweenyanga ezimbalwa kunye neminyaka embalwa yemitha yesiqhelo yangasemva. Ngexesha lokuskena uya kulala ebhedini kwaye uhambe ngeskena esijongeka njengedonathi enkulu (awusoze wavalwa ngokupheleleyo sisikena kwaye uhlale ukwazi ukuthetha nomntu). Iskena sihlala sihlala phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-20 ngokuxhomekeke kwinxalenye yomzimba eskeniweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo wento eyenzekayo uya kunikwa idayi (eyaziwa ngokuba ngumahluko). Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuskena idayi inokunikwa njengesiselo, itofwe kwisitya segazi okanye inikwe njenge-enema (i-capsule efakwe kwipaseji yangasemva). Ukuba une-CT scan njengesigulana esingaphandle, ungabuyela ekhaya kwangoko emva koko kodwa unokucelwa ukuba ulinde imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiyure ukuba uye wadayi njengemeko ezinqabileyo (i-1 kubantu abali-1000) inokubangela ukungezwani komzimba. ukusabela.

Ukuskena iMRI

I-MRI scan yinkqubo engenabuhlungu esebenzisa imagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso yomzimba (akukho mitha yemitha ibandakanyekayo). Ngokufana ne-CT scans, imifanekiso eveliswayo ineenkcukacha kakhulu, nangona kunjalo ii-MRI scans zilungile kakhulu ekuboneni izakhiwo ezithambileyo. (umz. ingqondo). Imifanekiso inokunceda ukuxilonga, ukubeka iliso nokulawula imeko.

Ngexesha le-MRI scan uya kulaliswa ebhedini kwaye uhanjiswe kwi-scanner nokuba ziinyawo okanye intloko kuqala ngokuxhomekeke kwiskeni. Iskena yityhubhu ende, abathi abanye abantu bayifumane i-claustrophobic kodwa uya kuhlala ukwazi ukunxibelelana nomntu ngelixa ungaphakathi. Zikwanomsindo kakhulu kwaye uya kunikwa ii-earbuds okanye ii-headphones ukuba uzinxibe ngexesha lokuskena; Kwezinye iimeko, unokukhetha umculo wakho oza kuwuphulaphula. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noku, thetha neqela lakho lonyango njengoko ngamanye amaxesha linokubonelela ngesithomalalisi esilula. Izikena ze-MRI zihamba ngobude ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo eskeniweyo kwaye zihlala zihlala phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiyure. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo wento eyenzekayo uya kunikwa idayi (eyaziwa ngokuba ngumahluko). Idayi inokunikwa njengesiselo, ifakwe kwisitya segazi okanye inikwe njenge-enema (i-capsule efakwe kwi-passage yangasemva). Ukuba une-MRI scan njengesigulana esingaphandle, ungabuyela ekhaya ngokukhawuleza emva koko kodwa unokucelwa ukuba ulinde imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiyure ukuba uye wadayi njengemeko ezinqabileyo (i-1 kubantu abali-1000) inokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle. ukusabela.

Iskena se-PET

I-PET (i-positron emission tomography) iskena yinkqubo engenantlungu esetyenziselwa ukubona umsebenzi weselula emzimbeni wakho. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuphanda kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimeko eziqinisekisiweyo zomhlaza. Uvavanyo lubandakanya ukutofwa ngento ekhupha imitha (oku kwaziwa ngokuba yiradiotracer). Le nto isebenza ngokufanayo kwi-glucose, i-molecule esinika amandla, eya kwakha kwiindawo ezisebenzisa amandla amaninzi. CancerIsifo apho iiseli ziyahlukana kwaye zikhule ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zinokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. iiseli zidinga amandla amaninzi kwaye ngoko ke i-radiotracer iqokelela apho umhlaza ukhoyo kwaye utolikwa yi-PET scanner njengomfanekiso.. Umfanekiso obangelwayo ubonisa iindawo apho i-radiotracer kwaye ngoko ke umhlaza osebenzayo ukhona.

I-PET scans inokudibaniswa ne-MRI okanye i-CT scans kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ziquka ukulala kwibhedi eyisicaba ehamba ngetyhubhu yecylindrical; I-PET scan idla ngokuthatha imizuzu engama-30 neyure. Emva kwe-PET scan uya kuba neradioactive kancinci iiyure ezimbalwa ngoko ke uyacetyiswa ukuba uthintele ukudibana nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana. Imitha yemitha evela kwi-PET scan ilingana neminyaka esi-8 yemitha yangasemva.

Ukuskena i-Ultrasound

I-Ultrasound siskena esikhawulezayo, esingenabuhlungu esisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubona izakhiwo emzimbeni. Ezi scan zixhaphakile zaziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukujonga umntwana ongekazalwa. Nangona imifanekiso eyenziwe kwi-ultrasound ayinankcukacha kakhulu, iluncedo ukujonga izakhiwo ngexesha langempela kwaye njengoko ingabandakanyi imitha yemitha ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo bathatha phakathi kwe-15-25 imizuzu.

Iintlobo ze-ultrasounds

I-Ultrasound yangaphandle: Le nkqubo iqhele ukwenziwa ukujonga intliziyo okanye umntwana ongekazalwa kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukujonga ezinye izakhiwo emzimbeni.. Ibandakanya iprobe ephathwayo ebekwe eluswini kunye nejeli encinci yokuthambisa. I-ultrasound yangaphandle ayifanele ingakhathazeki kodwa inokuziva ibanda.

I-Internal Ultrasound: Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukujonga ngokusondeleyo kwizitho zokuzala. Kubandakanya ukufaka i-ultrasound probe encinci engekho mkhulu kunomnwe kwilungu lobufazi okanye kwipaseji yangasemva. Inkqubo ayidli ngokuba buhlungu kodwa inokungakhululeki.