Osteosarcoma Toolkit
Tikugashirei kune yedu Osteosarcoma Toolkit. Pano iwe unowana ruzivo rwekuti chii chinonzi osteosarcoma uye kuti inoongororwa uye kurapwa sei.
Verenga yedu yese Toolkit kana tinya pane zvinongedzo pazasi kuti usvetuke kune chaiwo zvikamu.
Chii Chinokonzera Osteosarcoma?
Ndezvipi Zviratidzo zveOsteosarcoma?
Chii chinonzi Cancer Grade uye Stage Zvinorevei?
Kugara Naye uye Kupfuura Osteosarcoma.
Zvimwe Zvishandiso nezve Osteosarcoma.
Cancer chii?
Muviri unoumbwa nemabhiriyoni emasero ane DNAIyo molecule ine ruzivo rwemajini runokuita iwe munhu wauri., genetic code yemuviri. Iyi kodhi yakafanana neresipi inotaridza kuti tinokura sei nekukura uye pakupedzisira kutiita isu. Masero anogara achipatsanura uye panguva iyi genetic code inokopwa. Dzimwe nguva kukanganisa kunoitika uye kodhi inokopwa zvisizvo. Idzi shanduko mu genetic code dzinozivikanwa sekuchinja uye kazhinji yenguva hadzina chakaipa (iyo recipe ichiri kushanda). Zvisinei mune zvimwe zviitiko kuchinja kunoguma nemasero anopatsanuka zvisingadzoreki zvichitungamirira kugomarara.
kenzaChirwere umo masero anoparadzanisa uye anokura zvisingadzoreki uye anogona kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. masero anowanzo tanga munzvimbo imwechete uye oita murwi unozivikanwa sebundu. Aya masero anogona kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri nenzira inozivikanwa se metastasis. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mamwe mapundu ane ngozi (kwete kenza) uye haapararire kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana egomarara uye kuongorora kuti nderipi gomarara raunaro ndiro danho rekutanga kugadzira chirongwa chekurapa.
Chii chinonzi Osteosarcoma?
Osteosarcoma imhando yegomarara rinomuka mubhonzo uye rinobata vanhu 3.4 pamiriyoni gore rega rega. pasi rose. Kazhinji kazhinji inomuka pamagumo emapfupa akareba (semuenzaniso mapfupa egumbo nemaoko), munzvimbo inozivikanwa semetaphysis. Kukura kwebhonzo kunodzorwa nemasero anonzi osteoclasts uye osteoblasts, anoshanda pamwechete kuchengetedza mapfupa ane hutano. Osteoclasts inobvisa pfupa rekare, nepo osteoblasts inogadzira pfupa idzva. Muosteosarcoma, maseru egomarara anoita kuti masaini ari pakati pemasero aya avhiringike zvichikonzera kuti maosteoclasts aparadze bhonzo rine hutano uye zvichiita kuti bundu rikure.
Chii Chinokonzera Osteosarcoma?
Chikonzero che osteosarcoma hachizivikanwi. Hapana zvakatipoteredza kana shanduko chaiyo yakaonekwa sechinhu chinokonzera. Nekudaro, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yemunhu yekuvandudza osteosarcoma. Nemamwe mashoko kuva nenjodzi idzi hazvirevi kuti uchakura osteosarcoma asi kuti uri panjodzi huru pane munhu asina zvinhu izvi.
Risk Factors
- Genetic Conditions (Li Fraumeni syndrome uye Retinoblastoma)
- Zera (Vachiri kuyaruka uye vechidiki vechidiki - vanogona kusanganiswa nekukura kwepfupa)
- Chirwere chePaget (Chirwere chinokonzera kuumbwa kwemapfupa kusina kujairika)
- Previous Radiotherapy (Radiotherapy inoshandiswa kurapa gomarara asi inosanganisira yakakwira dosi yemwaranzi, inogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekuva negomarara mune ramangwana)
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveOsteosarcoma?
Zviratidzo zvinowanzozivikanwa zve osteosarcoma ndezvi:
- Kuwedzera kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunowanzowedzera usiku uye kunovhiringidza kurara.
- Kuzvimba kunogona kudzora kufamba.
- Kuputsika kubva mukukuvara kudiki.
Kune zvakare zviratidzo zvisiri izvo zvinoonekwa kune ese magomarara anosanganisira kurasikirwa nechido uye kuonda.
Osteosarcoma inowanikwa sei?
Pano tinopa mhedziso yeKana chiremba achifungidzira osteosarcoma, ivo vanoronga akati wandei ma scan kuti atarise pfupa (s) zvakadzama. Izvi zvinowanzobatanidza x-ray inoteverwa neMRI kana CT scan (ona yedu 'Mhando dzeScan' peji kuti uwane zvimwe). Zvadaro, biopsy ichatorwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa tsono kubvisa mamwe masero kubva pabhonzo. Chiremba anozivikanwa sepathologist anoongorora maseru pasi pemaikorosikopu uye obva aona kana masero ane gomarara uye rudzi rwegomarara.. Kana osteosarcoma ichisimbiswa, muviri wose unozivikanwa se staging scan (kana kuti PET scan) uchaitwa kuti uone kana masero egomarara apararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri. Mhosva yacho inobva yaendeswa kuchikwata chenyanzvi dze sarcoma vanachiremba vanozosangana kuti vagadzire hurongwa hwemunhu hwekurapa. Musangano unozivikanwa sea Multidisciplinary TeamBoka revashandi vezvokurapa vanosangana kuronga kurapwa kwemunhu. Musangano (MDT).
Nzira yekuongorora yeumwe neumwe ichave yakasiyana zvishoma. Isu takapa muchidimbu chezvekutarisira asi kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa chero nguva panguva yekuferefeta.
01 | X-Ray
Kuongororwa kunoitwa kutarisa bhonzo zvakadzama.
02 | MRI/CT
Izvi zvinoteverwa nema scans anovaka mamwe mapikicha akadzama ebhonzo uye akapoteredza zvimiro.
03 | BiopsyNzira yekurapa inosanganisira kubvisa chidimbu chetishu kubva mumuviri icho chinozoongororwa nemaikorosikopu.
Sample diki yemasero inobva yabviswa pabhonzo yoongororwa nemaikorosikopu.
04 | PET Scan
Scan yekuona kana masero egomarara ari kumwewo mumuviri achaitwa. Izvi zvichashandiswa kugadzirisa gomarara.
05 | MDT
Nyanzvi dzinouya kuzokurukura nyaya yako uye kugadzira chirongwa chekurapa.
Chii chinonzi Cancer Grade uye Stage Zvinorevei?
Unogona kunzwa vanachiremba vachitaura nezvegomarara rako segiredhi rakati kana danho. Danho uye giredhi regomarara rako rinobatsira vanachiremba kugadzira chirongwa chekurapa.
Giredhi regomarara rinotaura kuti rinotaridzika sei pasi pemaikorosikopu.
- Low giredhaInokurumidza sei masero emukenza ari kukura uye kupatsanurwa. Cancers - Masero anotaridzika akajairwa uye anowanzo patsanura zvishoma nezvishoma. Magomarara aya ari kunonoka kukura uye haasati achipararira.
- High Grade Cancer - Masero anotaridzika asina kujairika uye anowanzo patsanura nekukurumidza. Magomarara aya anowanzo kurumidza kukura uye anogona kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri.
Danho regomarara rako rinoreva kukura kwaro uye kuti rapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. Inoshandiswa navanachiremba kugadzira zvirongwa zvekurapa. Kune akati wandei akasiyana masisitimu anoshandiswa kune osteosarcoma ane anonyanya kuzivikanwa ari TNM (bundu, node, metastasis) uye Enneking staging maitiro.
TNM Kuongorora
TNM inomirira bundu, node, metastasis.
TumorHuwandu hwemasero ari kukura paasingafanirwe kunge ari. Mabundu anogona kuva akaipa kana kuti akaipa. Benign tumors haapararire kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri nepo mamota akaipa ari gomarara uye anogona kupararira. zvinoreva kukura kwakaita misa.
- T1 - Bundu iri pasi pe8cm paupamhi.
- T2 - Bundu racho rinopfuura 8cm paupamhi.
- T3 - Kune nzvimbo inopfuura imwe yekenza mubhonzo rimwe chete.
Nodes inotsanangura kana gomarara rapararira kune lymph nodes.
- N0 - Hapana lymph nodes inobatanidzwa.
- N1 - Lymph nodes inobatanidzwa.
M inotsanangura kana gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri.
- M0 - Gomarara harina kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
- M1a – Gomarara rapararira kumapapu.
- M1b - Gomarara rapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri (kunze kwemapapu).
Kana kenza yapihwa nhanho yeTMN inobva yasanganiswa negiredhi regomarara kuona danho regomarara (pakati pe1 ne4). Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza masanganisirwe adzo. Izvi hazvisanganisi osteosarcoma inotangira musana kana pelvis. Tsvaga zvimwe pamusoro pematanho emhando idzi dze osteosarcoma pa IAmerican Society yeOncology.
StageNzira yekuratidza saizi uye kupararira kwegomarara uye kubatsira kutungamira kurapwa. |
giredha |
Saizi (T) |
Node (N) |
Kupararira (M) |
| 1A | Low | T1 | N0 | M0 |
| 1B | Low | T2 / T3 | N0 | M0 |
| 2A | High | T1 | N0 | M0 |
| 2B | High | T2 | N0 | M0 |
| 3 | High | T3 | N0 | M0 |
| 4A | Yakakwirira kana Yakaderera | T1 / T2 / T3 | N0 | M1a |
| 4B | Yakakwirira kana Yakaderera | T1 / T2 / T3 | N1 | M1b |
Osteosarcoma inorapwa sei?
Kunyangwe kurapwa kuchisiyana zvishoma munyika dzakasiyana, vanhu vazhinji vanozopihwa chemotherapy uye/kana kuvhiyiwa zvichienderana nedanho uye giredhi regomarara. Chemotherapy iboka remishonga inoshanda nekuuraya masero ari kukurumidza kupatsanuka. Iine systemic mhedzisiro uye inogona kupihwa pamberi uye / kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
Kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa kubvisa bundu rekutanga (kwakabva masero egomarara). Vanachiremba vanovhiyiwa vanodzidziswa kuchengetedza mitezo yakawanda sezvinobvira asi pane zviitiko apo kudimburwa kunodiwa. The Bone Cancer Research Trust ine zviwanikwa zvakatsaurirwa kupa rutsigiro uye ruzivo nezve kudimburwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanhu vanozovhiyiwa zvakare inozivikanwa se metastasectomy kubvisa chero mapundu anenge aita mumapapu (nzvimbo inonyanyozivikanwa yemetastasis mu osteosarcoma).
Haasi munhu wese achapindura chemotherapy uye mamwe maitiro ekurapa ane mashoma. Sezvineiwo, kune huwandu hwemishonga iri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Miedzo yemakiriniki zvidzidzo zvekutsvagisa zvekurapa zvinoda kuti murwere atore chikamu kuti aedze kurapwa kutsva. Iwe unogona kuwana zvimwe nezve kliniki miedzo pano.
Kugara Uye uye Kupfuura Osteosarcoma?
Rwendo rwegomarara rwemunhu wese rwakasiyana, uye vanhu vazhinji vanobatsirwa nerutsigiro panguva uye mushure mekurapwa. Kwese uye mushure merwendo rwako rwekurapa mubatsiri wako anozobhuka nguva dzekusangana kuti atarise mafambiro ako uye kugadzirisa chero zvinokunetsa. Iwe unowanzo tariswa kweinenge makore gumi mushure mekupedza kurapwa kunyangwe kuwanda kwekushanya kunoderera.
Kune zvakare akati wandei emasangano anoshamisa anopa rutsigiro rwepfungwa nerwemuviri kune avo vanogara uye nekupfuura osteosarcoma kusanganisira vadiwa. Unogona kuwana runyoro rwemasangano epasi rose pano.
Zvimwe Zvishandiso Pamusoro peOsteosarcoma
The Bone Cancer Research Trust Iva nemapepa echokwadi uye mabhukwana nezve osteosarcoma kune vese vakuru nevechiri kuyaruka.
Sarcoma UK ane ruzivo nezve osteosarcoma.
MIB vamiririri iva nebhuku rakanyorwa nemhuri dzeosteosarcoma kutsigira mhuri kuburikidza nerwendo rwekurapa. Bhuku rinowanikwa mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana.
The NHS inopa ruzivo nezve osteosarcoma.
"Kubatana ikoko pakati pemurwere nechikwata neni uyezve kudyidzana kuri pakati pekuchengeta wechidiki nevabereki vavo nemhuri yese ndakaona kune mubairo chaiwo."
Dr Sandra Strauss, UCL
Joinha tsamba yedu yekota kuti ugare uchifambirana nenguva netsvagiridzo yazvino, zviitiko uye zviwanikwa.